QlikView 12: dashboard stuck on Loading in Internet Explorer - Qva is undefined

A dashboard remains loading in Internet Explorer. It works fine in Chrome or other browsers, and it used to work fine in QlikView 11.20.
At the bottom left of the browser there is a yellow error icon sign.  After clicking on it, the error reads "qva is undefined".

Webpage error details:

User Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/4.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E;
InfoPath.3; POIE4SP2)
Timestamp: Thu, 14 Sep 2017 09:05:46 UTC


Message: Object doesn't support this property or method
Line: 25
Char: 41624
Code: 0
URI: https://server/QvAjaxZfc/htc/QvAjax.js


Message: 'Qva' is undefined
Line: 129
Char: 4
Code: 0
URI: https://server/QvAJAXZfc/opendoc.htm?document=docname.qvw&host=QVS%servername

 

Environment:  

QlikView 12.20 (November 2017) and up
QlikView 12.10

Since QlikView 12, when it comes to AJAX/Full Browser, we have removed support for versions of IE prior to 11. This is because of limitations in their AJAX rendering engine.

See System requirements for QlikView 12.10 and QlikView November 2017.

Internet Explorer 8 can still be used, but only with the Plugin. 
Internet Explorer 9 and 10 are not supported.
 

The user is probably on an outdated version of Internet Explorer, like IE8.